Section I · The Japanese Candlestick Bible · Chapter 6
Two-candle patterns
19 two-candle patterns: engulfing, harami, piercing line, dark cloud cover, tweezers, kicker and the continuation patterns.
Video · 24 min19 patterns6 exercises
Video lesson with voice-over and charts · 24 minEnglish subtitles
Two-candle patterns compare two consecutive periods. That way we see not only who won today, but whether control has passed from one side to the other. Here are some of the most reliable patterns – the engulfing pattern, the piercing line and the dark cloud cover.
№
Pattern
Type
Reliability
15
Bullish Engulfing
Bullish reversal
★★★★★
16
Bearish Engulfing
Bearish reversal
★★★★★
17
Bullish Harami
Bullish reversal
★★★☆☆
18
Bearish Harami
Bearish reversal
★★★☆☆
19
Bullish Harami Cross
Bullish reversal
★★★☆☆
20
Bearish Harami Cross
Bearish reversal
★★★☆☆
21
Piercing Line
Bullish reversal
★★★★☆
22
Dark Cloud Cover
Bearish reversal
★★★★☆
23
Tweezer Bottom
Bullish reversal
★★★☆☆
24
Tweezer Top
Bearish reversal
★★★☆☆
25
Bullish Kicker
Bullish reversal
★★★★★
26
Bearish Kicker
Bearish reversal
★★★★★
27
Homing Pigeon
Bullish reversal
★★☆☆☆
28
Matching Low
Bullish reversal
★★☆☆☆
29
On-Neck
Bearish – continuation
★★☆☆☆
30
In-Neck
Bearish – continuation
★★☆☆☆
31
Thrusting Line
Bearish – continuation (weak)
★★☆☆☆
32
Bullish Separating Lines
Bullish – continuation
★★★☆☆
33
Bearish Separating Lines
Bearish – continuation
★★★☆☆
№ 15
Bullish Engulfing
Bullish ▲Bullish reversal2 candles★★★★★
Japanese name: dakisen – “embracing line”
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A two-candle pattern: a small bearish candle followed by a large bullish candle whose body completely “engulfs” the body of the previous one. One of the most reliable reversal patterns.
How to recognize it
Appears after a decline
Candle 1: bearish (red) body
Candle 2: a bullish body that opens at or below the close of candle 1 and closes above its open
The bigger the second candle compared with the first, the stronger the signal
The psychology
Sellers start the period confidently, but buyers not only recover the loss, they close above the open of the previous candle. A complete change of control in just one period.
How to trade it
Entry
At the close of the engulfing candle (aggressive) or on a retest of 50% of its body (conservative).
Stop-loss
Below the low of the two candles.
Target
The previous lower high or 2–3R.
№ 16
Bearish Engulfing
Bearish ▼Bearish reversal2 candles★★★★★
Japanese name: dakisen
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A small bullish candle followed by a large bearish candle whose body completely engulfs the body of the previous one. A strong signal of a reversal to the downside.
How to recognize it
Appears after a rise
Candle 1: bullish body
Candle 2: a bearish body that opens at or above the close of candle 1 and closes below its open
Strongest at resistance or after a new high
The psychology
Buyers open hoping for continuation, but sellers take control and wipe out the entire gain of the previous period – and more. Sentiment turns.
How to trade it
Entry
At the close of the engulfing candle or on a bounce to 50% of its body.
Stop-loss
Above the high of the two candles.
Target
The previous higher low or 2–3R.
№ 17
Bullish Harami
Bullish ▲Bullish reversal2 candles★★★★★
Japanese name: harami – “pregnant”
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A large bearish candle followed by a small bullish candle whose body is completely inside the body of the first. “Harami” means “pregnant” in Japanese – the second candle is the “baby” in the womb of the first.
How to recognize it
Appears after a decline
Candle 1: long bearish body
Candle 2: a small body, entirely within the body of candle 1
Requires confirmation
The psychology
After strong downward pressure, the market suddenly contracts – volatility drops and sellers lose momentum. It's not a direct reversal, but a signal that the trend is stopping.
How to trade it
Entry
Above the high of candle 1 (conservative) or above the high of candle 2 (aggressive).
Stop-loss
Below the low of candle 1.
Target
2R or the next resistance.
№ 18
Bearish Harami
Bearish ▼Bearish reversal2 candles★★★★★
Japanese name: harami
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A large bullish candle followed by a small bearish candle whose body is completely inside the body of the first.
How to recognize it
Appears after a rise
Candle 1: long bullish body
Candle 2: a small body inside the body of candle 1
Requires confirmation
The psychology
The strong rally suddenly stops – buyers can't keep going. The shrinking range shows hesitation and a possible change of direction.
How to trade it
Entry
Below the low of candle 1 (conservative) or below the low of candle 2 (aggressive).
Stop-loss
Above the high of candle 1.
Target
2R or the next support.
№ 19
Bullish Harami Cross
Bullish ▲Bullish reversal2 candles★★★★★
Japanese name: harami yose sen
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A variant of the bullish harami in which the second candle is a doji. The indecision is even more pronounced, so the signal is stronger than a regular harami.
How to recognize it
Appears after a decline
Candle 1: long bearish body
Candle 2: a doji within the body of candle 1
Confirmation – a bullish candle
The psychology
After a strong sell-off, the market suddenly freezes in complete equilibrium. Sellers have exhausted their strength.
How to trade it
Entry
Above the high of the doji/candle 1 after confirmation.
Stop-loss
Below the low of candle 1.
Target
2R.
№ 20
Bearish Harami Cross
Bearish ▼Bearish reversal2 candles★★★★★
Japanese name: harami yose sen
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A large bullish candle followed by a doji within its body. A stronger variant of the bearish harami.
How to recognize it
Appears after a rise
Candle 1: long bullish body
Candle 2: a doji inside the body of candle 1
Confirmation – a bearish candle
The psychology
The buyers' enthusiasm vanishes within a single period. The market is in complete indecision right after a strong show of strength – a typical sign of exhaustion.
How to trade it
Entry
Below the low of the doji/candle 1 after confirmation.
Stop-loss
Above the high of candle 1.
Target
2R.
№ 21
Piercing Line
Bullish ▲Bullish reversal2 candles★★★★★
Japanese name: kirikomi sen
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A long bearish candle followed by a bullish candle that opens below the low (or close) of the first and closes above the middle of its body, but not above its open.
How to recognize it
Appears after a decline
Candle 1: long bearish body
Candle 2: opens below the close/low of candle 1
Candle 2 closes above 50% of the body of candle 1 (but below its open)
The psychology
The market opens even lower – sellers are confident. But buyers “pierce” above the middle of the previous candle, which shows a serious shift in the balance of power.
How to trade it
Entry
At the close of candle 2 or above its high.
Stop-loss
Below the low of candle 2.
Target
The open of candle 1, then the next resistance.
№ 22
Dark Cloud Cover
Bearish ▼Bearish reversal2 candles★★★★★
Japanese name: kabuse sen
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A long bullish candle followed by a bearish candle that opens above the high (or close) of the first and closes below the middle of its body.
How to recognize it
Appears after a rise
Candle 1: long bullish body
Candle 2: opens above the close/high of candle 1
Candle 2 closes below 50% of the body of candle 1
The psychology
The market opens at a new high – buyers are celebrating. But sellers cover the sky like a “dark cloud” and drive price deep into the body of the previous candle.
How to trade it
Entry
At the close of candle 2 or below its low.
Stop-loss
Above the high of candle 2.
Target
The open of candle 1, then the next support.
№ 23
Tweezer Bottom
Bullish ▲Bullish reversal2 candles★★★★★
Japanese name: kenuki soko
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Two consecutive candles with equal (or nearly equal) lows after a decline. Usually the first is bearish and the second bullish.
How to recognize it
Appears after a decline
Two equal lows (a few pips of tolerance)
Candle 1 usually bearish, candle 2 bullish
Strongest at support
The psychology
The market tests the same level twice and both times buyers defend it. The level is “double-confirmed” as support.
How to trade it
Entry
Above the high of candle 2.
Stop-loss
Below the shared low.
Target
2R or the next resistance.
№ 24
Tweezer Top
Bearish ▼Bearish reversal2 candles★★★★★
Japanese name: kenuki tenjo
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Two consecutive candles with equal highs after a rise. Usually the first is bullish and the second bearish.
How to recognize it
Appears after a rise
Two equal highs
Candle 1 usually bullish, candle 2 bearish
Strongest at resistance
The psychology
Buyers try twice to break through a level and both times they're rejected. Sellers defend the high.
How to trade it
Entry
Below the low of candle 2.
Stop-loss
Above the shared high.
Target
2R or the next support.
№ 25
Bullish Kicker
Bullish ▲Bullish reversal2 candles★★★★★
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A bearish candle followed by a bullish candle that opens with a gap ABOVE the open of the first and continues higher. One of the strongest reversal signals.
How to recognize it
Candle 1: bearish
Candle 2: bullish, opens at or above the open of candle 1 (gap)
The two bodies don't overlap
Usually triggered by news
The psychology
A sharp shift in sentiment – most often because of unexpected news. The market “kicks” the sellers and all the shorts are losing from the open.
How to trade it
Entry
At the close of candle 2 or on the first retest of the gap.
Stop-loss
Below the low of candle 2 (or below the gap).
Target
2–3R, watch the impulse.
№ 26
Bearish Kicker
Bearish ▼Bearish reversal2 candles★★★★★
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A bullish candle followed by a bearish candle that opens with a gap BELOW the open of the first and continues lower.
How to recognize it
Candle 1: bullish
Candle 2: bearish, opens at or below the open of candle 1
The bodies don't overlap
Usually after a fundamental shock
The psychology
The market reverses suddenly and dramatically. Everyone who bought during candle 1 is losing from the very first second of candle 2.
How to trade it
Entry
At the close of candle 2 or on a retest of the gap from below.
Stop-loss
Above the high of candle 2.
Target
2–3R.
№ 27
Homing Pigeon
Bullish ▲Bullish reversal2 candles★★★★★
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Two bearish candles, with the body of the second completely inside the body of the first. It resembles a harami, but both candles are the same color.
How to recognize it
Appears in a downtrend
Two bearish candles
The body of candle 2 is inside the body of candle 1
Requires confirmation
The psychology
Sellers are still in control, but the pressure is weakening significantly – the second candle fails to make a new low.
How to trade it
Entry
Above the high of candle 2 after confirmation.
Stop-loss
Below the low of candle 1.
Target
2R.
№ 28
Matching Low
Bullish ▲Bullish reversal2 candles★★★★★
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Two bearish candles that close at the same level after a decline. The closes form short-term support.
How to recognize it
Appears in a downtrend
Two bearish candles
Equal (or nearly equal) closes
Requires bullish confirmation
The psychology
Sellers fail twice to close below the same level. Support forms.
How to trade it
Entry
Above the high of candle 2.
Stop-loss
Below the lows.
Target
2R.
№ 29
On-Neck
Bearish ▼Bearish – continuation2 candles★★★★★
Japanese name: atekubi
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A long bearish candle followed by a small bullish candle that opens below the low and closes right at the level of the first candle's close (low).
How to recognize it
Downtrend
Candle 1: long bearish body
Candle 2: small bullish, opens lower
Candle 2 closes at the level of candle 1's close
The psychology
Buyers attempt a bounce, but it's weak – they barely reach the close of the previous candle. Sellers stay in control.
How to trade it
Entry
Below the low of candle 2.
Stop-loss
Above the high of candle 2.
Target
The next support.
№ 30
In-Neck
Bearish ▼Bearish – continuation2 candles★★★★★
Japanese name: irikubi
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Like the “On-Neck”, but the bullish candle closes slightly above the close of the first – just barely into its body.
How to recognize it
Downtrend
Candle 1: long bearish body
Candle 2: bullish, opens below the low of candle 1
Closes slightly above the close of candle 1 (no more than ~10–15% into the body)
The psychology
The bounce is a bit stronger, but far from enough. The market will most likely continue lower.
The bullish candle penetrates deeper into the body of the bearish one, but closes BELOW its middle. If it closes above the middle – it becomes a piercing line (a bullish reversal).
How to recognize it
Downtrend
Candle 1: long bearish body
Candle 2: bullish, opens below the low of candle 1
Closes inside the body of candle 1, but below 50%
The psychology
Buyers show strength, but not enough. It's a borderline pattern – often a warning that the downtrend is weakening.
How to trade it
Entry
Below the low of candle 2 – only with confirmation.
Stop-loss
Above the high of candle 2.
Target
The next support.
№ 32
Bullish Separating Lines
Bullish ▲Bullish – continuation2 candles★★★★★
Japanese name: furiwake sen
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In an uptrend, a bearish candle appears, followed by a bullish candle that opens at the same level where the bearish one opened and continues higher.
How to recognize it
Uptrend
Candle 1: bearish (pullback)
Candle 2: bullish, opens at the open of candle 1
Candle 2 closes high
The psychology
The pullback from candle 1 is wiped out immediately – buyers open where the sell-off began and continue the trend.
How to trade it
Entry
At the close of candle 2.
Stop-loss
Below the low of candle 2.
Target
The next resistance / trend extension.
№ 33
Bearish Separating Lines
Bearish ▼Bearish – continuation2 candles★★★★★
Japanese name: furiwake sen
contextfollow-through
In a downtrend, a bullish candle appears, followed by a bearish one that opens at the same level as the bullish one and continues lower.
How to recognize it
Downtrend
Candle 1: bullish (pullback)
Candle 2: bearish, opens at the open of candle 1
Candle 2 closes low
The psychology
The buyers' bounce is wiped out right at the open. Sellers continue the trend.
How to trade it
Entry
At the close of candle 2.
Stop-loss
Above the high of candle 2.
Target
The next support.
Exercises
Test yourself on the chart
0 of 6 correct
1Where is price more likely to go after these candles?
2Tap one of the candles of the “Bullish Harami” pattern on the chart.
Tap a candle on the chart.
3“Bearish Engulfing”: you go short (sell) at the close. Where do you put the stop-loss?
Tap the chart where you would put the stop-loss.
4Where is price more likely to go after these candles?
5What is the pattern in the frame called?
6What is the pattern in the frame called?
Key points
Two-candle patterns show whether control has passed from one side to the other.
The engulfing and the kicker are the most reliable (5 out of 5).
The midpoint of the first candle is the key line for the piercing line and the dark cloud cover.
A harami shows hesitation after a strong candle – it awaits confirmation.